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Sains Malaysiana 54(2)(2025): 425-435
http://doi.org/10.17576/jsm-2025-5402-09
Status Kualiti Tanah di Pulau Orang Utan Bukit
Merah, Perak, Semenanjung Malaysia
(Soil Quality
Status in Bukit Merah Orangutan Island, Perak, Peninsular Malaysia)
SITI NORSYUHADA KAMALUDDIN1, WAN MOHD. RAZI
IDRIS2,*, SALMAH YAAKOP1,
ZULFAHMI ALI RAHMAN2 TUKIMAT LIHAN2 & BADRUL MUNIR
MD-ZAIN1
1Jabatan Sains Biologi dan Bioteknologi, Fakulti Sains dan Teknologi, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 UKM Bangi,
Selangor, Malaysia
Received: 7 May
2024/Accepted: 19 November 2024
Abstrak
Penyelidikan ini bertujuan untuk menilai status kualiti tanah di Pulau Orang Utan Bukit Merah
(BMOUI), menfokuskan kepada ciri fiziko-kimia, kandungan nutrien dan kepekatan logam berat. BMOUI adalah satu-satunya pusat rehabilitasi dan pemuliharaan orang utan yang terdapat di Semenanjung Malaysia. Sebanyak sepuluh stesen persampelan tanah atas (0-30 cm) telah diambil di BMOUI. Parameter ciri fiziko-kimia tanah yang dianalisis adalah taburan saiz zarah, bahan organik (BOT), pH, kekonduksian elektrik (KE), kapasiti pertukaran kation (KPK), kandungan nutrien tersedia (fosforus, kalium, magnesium) dan logam berat terpilih. Semua analisis fiziko-kimia, nutrien tersedia serta logam berat dalam tanah dilakukan mengikut kaedah penentuan yang piawai. Hasil analisis menunjukkan tekstur tanah didominasi oleh lempung berpasir. Kandungan bahan organik tanah dikelaskan sederhana berjulat antara 5.01 hingga 7.28%, kekonduksian elektrik 2383.33 hingga 2536.67±49.22 µS/cm manakala kapasiti pertukaran kation berjulat daripada 7.90 hingga 13.91 cmolc/kg.
Nilai pH tanah berjulat antara 3.87 hingga 6.28 iaitu sangat berasid hingga sederhana berasid, manakala kepekatan nutrien tersedia dikelaskan daripada sangat rendah hingga sederhana. Kepekatan logam berat berada di bawah paras normal yang dibenarkan di dalam tanah. Secara amnya tanah di BMOUI adalah sederhana sesuai bagi pertumbuhan tumbuhan dan pihak pengurusan perlu mengambil langkah yang bersesuaian untuk meningkatkan kesuburan tanah di kawasan berkenaan.
Kata kunci: Kualiti tanah; logam berat; nutrien tersedia; orang utan; Pongo pygmaues
Abstract
The study aimed to assess the soil quality at Bukit Merah Orang Utan Island
(BMOUI), focusing on physico-chemical characteristics, nutrient content, and
heavy metal concentrations. BMOUI is the sole Orang utans rehabilitation and
conservation center in Peninsular Malaysia. A total
of ten topsoil sampling stations (0-30 cm) were taken at BMOUI. The soil physico-chemical parameters analysed included particle size
distribution, organic matter (BOT), pH, electrical conductivity (KE), cation
exchange capacity (KPK), available nutrient content (phosphorus, potassium,
magnesium), and selected heavy metals. All analyses were carried out according
to available nutrients as well as heavy metals were performed according to standard
determination methods. The results of the analysis show that the soil texture
is dominated by sandy clay. The organic matter content of the soil is
classified as moderate ranging from 5.01 to 7.28%, electrical conductivity
varied between 2383.33 and 2536.67 ± 49.22 µS/cm, while cation exchange
capacity ranged from 7.90 to 13.91 cmolc/kg. Soil pH
ranged from 3.87 to 6.28 indicating very acidic to moderately acidic
conditions, while available nutrients were classified as very low to moderate.
The concentration of heavy metals is below the normal permissible levels in the
soil. Overall, the soil in BMOUI is moderately suitable for plant growth and
the management needs to take appropriate measures to increase soil fertility in
the area.
Keywords: Available nutrient; heavy metal; orang utan; Pongo pygmaues; soil quality
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